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The coefficient of performance (COP) of an absorption refrigeration system can be expressed as the ratio of refrigeration effect to the input energy (usually heat): COP=Refrigeration EffectInput EnergyCOP=Input EnergyRefrigeration Effect​ In an absorption refrigeration system, the input energy is typically heat, and the refrigeration effect is the amount of heat removed from the refrigerated space. The maximum COP for an absorption refrigeration system occurs when it operates in a reversible manner, known as the Carnot cycle. The Carnot cycle efficiency is given by: Carnot Efficiency=1−𝑇cold𝑇hotCarnot Efficiency=1−Thot​Tcold​​ Where:

• 𝑇coldTcold​ is the temperature of the refrigeration space (the lower temperature, often denoted as 𝑇𝑅TR​ in your notation).
• 𝑇hotThot​ is the temperature of the heat source (usually ambient temperature or 𝑇1T1​ in your notation).

The maximum COP of an absorption refrigeration system, based on the Carnot efficiency, is therefore: Maximum COP=Refrigeration EffectInput Energy=𝑇cold𝑇hot−𝑇coldMaximum COP=Input EnergyRefrigeration Effect​=Thot​−Tcold​Tcold​​ So, the maximum COP in the case of absorption refrigeration, where the refrigeration is provided at temperature 𝑇𝑅TR​, would be: Maximum COP=𝑇𝑅𝑇1−𝑇𝑅Maximum COP=T1​−TR​TR​​ This formula gives the theoretical maximum COP. Actual COPs in absorption refrigeration systems may be lower due to factors such as irreversibilities and inefficiencies in the system.